1. Ontological Dimensions
The word Dimension is used to show the point of view of something, from what angle of interest do we study science.The term '' Ontology '' comes from the Greek word '' camel '' which means something '' which really exists '', '' real reality '', and '' logos '' meaning '' study of '' , A study that discusses something '' (Angeles, 1981). So Ontology is a study that discusses something that exists. Seriously ontology is also interpreted as a common metaphysics of a branch of philosophy that studies the nature of the deepest reality, ontology discusses the rational principles of reality (Kattsoff, 1986).The object of Ontological material is that which exists, that is to say everything, encompassing that which exists as a concrete and abstract, sensory or inconsequential. The formal object of ontology is to provide the most common basis of every problem concerning man, the world and God.
Functions or benefits in studying ontology include: first, Serves as a critical reflection of the object or field of claim, concepts, assumptions and postulates of science. Among the basic scientific assumptions are: first, this world exists, and we can know that this world exists. Second, the empirical world can be known by man with the five senses. Third, the phenomena contained in this world relate to each other causally (Ansari, 1987: 20). Ontology becomes important because, first, the error of an assumption, will give birth to theories, scientific methodology is also wrong. For example, economics is developed on the basis of postulates that '' man is a wolf to other human beings '', and the assumption that human nature is '' homo ekonomikus '', greedy creature (literature rated, 1988), then this assumption will influence theory And methods based on human greed. Though the truth of the assumption is ontologically still in doubt, but as a science, the assumption is acceptable without testing. Second, ontology helps science to construct an integral, comprehensive, and coherent world view. Third, ontology helps provide information input to overcome problems that can not be solved by special sciences. The division of the object of science study with one another sometimes causes a problem, such as the possibility of conflict of struggle for study field, such as bioethics science into ethics discipline or biology discipline.
2. Epistimological Dimension
Epistomology is often called the theory of knowledge. The term epistomology comes from the Greek word 'episteme' which means knowledge, and logos which means theory. Thus, epistomology can be defined as a philosophical dimension that studies the origin, source, benefit, and validity of knowledge. Simply mentioned just as how to learn, develop and utilize knowledge for human benefit.
To call a '' unity of knowledge '' as a science requires certain requirements, because epistomologically science is part of the knowledge that has certain methodological requirements, that is arranged in certain ways so that science has a scientific paradigm that has been recognized by certain scientific communities as well.
Epistomology serves as a basis for fostering legitimacy for a '' science '' to be recognized as a discipline, and determining the validity of certain disciplines. Thus epistemology also provides a frame of reference for the development of science. Idea-based knowledge contains the implications of a rationalistic approach. Rationalism, embracing a rational approach. Idealism emphasizes the deductive thinking process implicated in premises, major, minor, and concrete premises. Realism embraces an empirical approach. Empirically based knowledge sees that knowledge is reality and embraces an inductive thinking approach, so to achieve truth, knowledge is based on a partial concrete reality. Both antagonistic approaches continue in the history of philosophy although the flow of criticism tries to mediate. Criticism holds that both rational knowledge and empirical knowledge are really within certain limits.
The epistemological plane of science concerns the mode of scientific thinking with regard to certain criteria in order to arrive at the scientific truth. In other words, what is spoken of in the epistemology of science is a process of scientific thinking. In accordance with its development, science evolves through the following levels of thought: a. Rational science, b. Empirical rational science, c. Empiric experimental rational science.
Science should be used to overcome social problems, such as development problems, both physical and nation character. Example, as known together with development in Indonesia gives success and presumably more failure. Why our national development is experiencing a variety of failures, one of which lies in the incompatibility of the way of thinking, which is related to the still strong traditional mystical way of thinking in Indonesian society.
3. The Dimension of Axiology
Etymologically axiological derives from the word 'action' meaning value and logos means science or theory. Axiology as a theory of value discusses the nature of value, so it is called Value Philosophy. In a nearly similar definition that the axiology of science addresses the values that give boundaries for the development of science.
a. Problematic in axiology
In the philosophy of science, a lot of bustle on the question of whether science is value-free or not. A response is called consideration of the value (value judgment) if in it people say that something is good or bad, positive or negative, or whether something worthy to takes precedence over anything else. This means that it is bound by the moral principle of science.
In epistomologis, science was conceived and developed piecemeal basis atomistic, but for the human interest then the scientific knowledge obtained and prepared it owned and used holistic, communal and universal (Suriasumantri, 1983). Communal does not mean that science is knowledge that belongs together, everyone is entitled to make use of science according to its needs, in accordance with the principle of solidarity. Universal means that science does not have the connotation parokhiyal such as race, ideology or religion.
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